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Enhanced TIMER App from MartinR

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- MartinR has enhanced the TIMER application to display output in decimal.
This commit is contained in:
Wayne Warthen
2024-06-30 11:53:38 -07:00
parent 3eea703d02
commit 40f2a9f35a
13 changed files with 354 additions and 55 deletions
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264
Source/Apps/timer.asm
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@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
;===============================================================================
; TIMER - Display system timer value
;
; Version 1.21 30-June-2024
;===============================================================================
;
; Author: Wayne Warthen (wwarthen@gmail.com)
; Updated: MartinR (June 2024)
;_______________________________________________________________________________
;
; Usage:
@@ -14,38 +15,58 @@
;
; Operation:
; Reads and displays system timer value.
;
; This code will only execute on a Z80 CPU (or derivitive)
;
; This source code assembles with TASM V3.2 under Windows-11 using the
; following command line:
; tasm -80 -g3 -l TIMER.ASM TIMER.COM
; ie: Z80 CPU; output format 'binary' named .COM (rather than .OBJ)
; and includes a symbol table as part of the listing file.
;_______________________________________________________________________________
;
; Change Log:
; 2018-01-14 [WBW] Initial release
; 2018-01-17 [WBW] Add HBIOS check
; 2019-11-08 [WBW] Add seconds support
; 2024-06-30 [MR ] Display values in decimal rather than hexadecimal
;_______________________________________________________________________________
;
; Includes binary-to-decimal subroutine by Alwin Henseler
; Located at: https://www.msx.org/forum/development/msx-development/32-bit-long-ascii
;_______________________________________________________________________________
;
; ToDo:
; Display the elapsed time in HH:MM:SS
;_______________________________________________________________________________
;
#include "../ver.inc"
#include "../ver.inc" ; Used for building RomWBW
;#include "ver.inc" ; Used for testing purposes during code development
;
;===============================================================================
; Definitions
;===============================================================================
;
stksiz .equ $40 ; Working stack size
;
restart .equ $0000 ; CP/M restart vector
bdos .equ $0005 ; BDOS invocation vector
;
ident .equ $FFFE ; loc of RomWBW HBIOS ident ptr
stksiz .equ $80 ; Working stack size (was $40)
;
restart .equ $0000 ; CP/M restart vector
bdos .equ $0005 ; BDOS invocation vector
;
ident .equ $FFFE ; loc of RomWBW HBIOS ident ptr
;
bf_sysver .equ $F1 ; BIOS: VER function
bf_sysget .equ $F8 ; HBIOS: SYSGET function
bf_sysset .equ $F9 ; HBIOS: SYSGET function
bf_sysset .equ $F9 ; HBIOS: SYSSET function
bf_sysgettimer .equ $D0 ; TIMER subfunction
bf_syssettimer .equ $D0 ; TIMER subfunction
bf_sysgetsecs .equ $D1 ; SECONDS subfunction
bf_syssetsecs .equ $D1 ; SECONDS subfunction
;
; ASCII Control Characters
;
lf .equ $0A ; Line Feed
cr .equ $0D ; Carriage Return
;
;===============================================================================
; Code Section
;===============================================================================
@@ -73,17 +94,17 @@ exit: ; clean up and return to command processor
; Initialization
;
init:
call crlf ; formatting
ld de,msgban ; point to version message part 1
call prtstr ; print it
;
call idbio ; identify active BIOS
cp 1 ; check for HBIOS
jp nz,errbio ; handle BIOS error
;
call crlf ; formatting
ld de,msgban ; point to version message part 1
call prtstr ; print it
;
call idbio ; identify active BIOS
cp 1 ; check for HBIOS
jp nz,errbio ; handle BIOS error
;
ld a,rmj << 4 | rmn ; expected HBIOS ver
cp d ; compare with result above
jp nz,errbio ; handle BIOS error
cp d ; compare with result above
jp nz,errbio ; handle BIOS error
;
initx
; initialization complete
@@ -120,9 +141,9 @@ process0:
call crlf2 ; formatting
;
process1:
ld b,bf_sysget ; HBIOS SYSGET function
ld b,bf_sysget ; HBIOS SYSGET function
ld c,bf_sysgettimer ; TIMER subfunction
rst 08 ; call HBIOS, DE:HL := timer value
rst 08 ; call HBIOS, DE:HL := timer value
ld a,(first)
or a
@@ -135,28 +156,50 @@ process1:
cp l ; compare to current LSB
jr z,process2 ; if equal, bypass display
process1a:
;*******************************************************************************
; Code added/amended to print values in decimal
; MartinR June2024
process1a:
; save and print new value
ld a,l ; new LSB value to A
ld (last),a ; save as last value
call prtcr ; back to start of line
;call nz,prthex32 ; display it
call prthex32 ; display it
ld de,strtick ; tag
call prtstr ; display it
ld a,l ; new LSB value to A
ld (last),a ; save as last value
call prtcr ; back to start of line
call b2d32 ; Convert DE:HL into ASCII; Start of ASCII buffer returned in HL
ex de,hl
call prtstr ; Display the value
ld de,strtick ; "Ticks" message
call prtstr ; Display it
; get and print seconds value
ld b,bf_sysget ; HBIOS SYSGET function
ld c,bf_sysgetsecs ; SECONDS subfunction
rst 08 ; call HBIOS, DE:HL := seconds value
call prthex32 ; display it
ld a,'.' ; fraction separator
call prtchr ; print it
ld a,c ; get fractional component
call prthex ; print it
ld de,strsec ; tag
call prtstr ; display it
;
ld b,bf_sysget ; HBIOS SYSGET function
ld c,bf_sysgetsecs ; SECONDS subfunction
rst 08 ; Call HBIOS; DE:HL := seconds value; C := fractional part
push bc ; Preserve the fractional part on the stack
call b2d32 ; Convert DE:HL into ASCII; Start of ASCII buffer returned in HL
ex de,hl
call prtstr ; Display the value
ld a,'.' ; Fraction separator, ie decimal point
call prtchr ; Print it
pop bc ; Retrieve fractional part into A
ld a,c
sla a ; Double the 50Hz 'ticks' value to give 1/100s of a second
call b2d8 ; Convert into ASCII - up to 3 digits
ex de,hl ; Start of ASCII buffer returned in HL
call prtstr ; Display fractional part of the value
ld de,strsec ; "Seconds" message
call prtstr ; Display it
;*******************************************************************************
process2:
ld a,(cont) ; continuous display?
or a ; test for true/false
@@ -269,9 +312,9 @@ prtdot:
;
prtcr:
;
; shortcut to print a dot preserving all regs
; shortcut to print carriage return preserving all regs
push af ; save af
ld a,13 ; load CR value
ld a,cr ; load CR value
call prtchr ; print it
pop af ; restore af
ret ; done
@@ -477,6 +520,124 @@ err2: ; without the string
or $FF ; signal error
ret ; done
;
;
;===============================================================================
; Subroutine to print decimal numbers
;===============================================================================
;
; Combined routine for conversion of different sized binary numbers into
; directly printable ASCII(Z)-string
; Input value in registers, number size and -related to that- registers to fill
; is selected by calling the correct entry:
;
; entry input decimal value 0 to:
; b2d8 A 255 (3 digits)
; b2d16 HL 65535 5 "
; b2d24 E:HL 16777215 8 "
; b2d32 DE:HL 4294967295 10 "
; b2d48 BC:DE:HL 281474976710655 15 "
; b2d64 IX:BC:DE:HL 18446744073709551615 20 "
;
; The resulting string is placed into a small buffer attached to this routine,
; this buffer needs no initialization and can be modified as desired.
; The number is aligned to the right, and leading 0's are replaced with spaces.
; On exit HL points to the first digit, (B)C = number of decimals
; This way any re-alignment / postprocessing is made easy.
; Changes: AF,BC,DE,HL,IX
;
; by Alwin Henseler
; https://msx.org/forum/topic/who-who/dutch-hardware-guy-pops-back-sort
;
; Found at:
; https://www.msx.org/forum/development/msx-development/32-bit-long-ascii
;
; Tweaked to assemble using TASM 3.2 by MartinR 23June2024
;
b2d8: ld h,0
ld l,a
b2d16: ld e,0
b2d24: ld d,0
b2d32: ld bc,0
b2d48: ld ix,0 ; zero all non-used bits
b2d64: ld (b2dinv),hl
ld (b2dinv+2),de
ld (b2dinv+4),bc
ld (b2dinv+6),ix ; place full 64-bit input value in buffer
ld hl,b2dbuf
ld de,b2dbuf+1
ld (hl),' '
b2dfilc:.equ $-1 ; address of fill-character
ld bc,18
ldir ; fill 1st 19 bytes of buffer with spaces
ld (b2dend-1),bc ; set BCD value to "0" & place terminating 0
ld e,1 ; no. of bytes in BCD value
ld hl,b2dinv+8 ; (address MSB input)+1
ld bc,$0909
xor a
b2dskp0:dec b
jr z,b2dsiz ; all 0: continue with postprocessing
dec hl
or (hl) ; find first byte <> 0
jr z,b2dskp0
b2dfnd1:dec c
rla
jr nc,b2dfnd1 ; determine no. of most significant 1-bit
rra
ld d,a ; byte from binary input value
b2dlus2:push hl
push bc
b2dlus1:ld hl,b2dend-1 ; address LSB of bcd value
ld b,e ; current length of BCD value in bytes
rl d ; highest bit from input value -> carry
b2dlus0:ld a,(hl)
adc a,a
daa
ld (hl),a ; double 1 BCD byte from intermediate result
dec hl
djnz b2dlus0 ; and go on to double entire BCD value (+carry!)
jr nc,b2dnxt
inc e ; carry at MSB -> BCD value grew 1 byte larger
ld (hl),1 ; initialize new MSB of BCD value
b2dnxt: dec c
jr nz,b2dlus1 ; repeat for remaining bits from 1 input byte
pop bc ; no. of remaining bytes in input value
ld c,8 ; reset bit-counter
pop hl ; pointer to byte from input value
dec hl
ld d,(hl) ; get next group of 8 bits
djnz b2dlus2 ; and repeat until last byte from input value
b2dsiz: ld hl,b2dend ; address of terminating 0
ld c,e ; size of bcd value in bytes
or a
sbc hl,bc ; calculate address of MSB BCD
ld d,h
ld e,l
sbc hl,bc
ex de,hl ; HL=address BCD value, de=start of decimal value
ld b,c ; no. of bytes BCD
sla c ; no. of bytes decimal (possibly 1 too high)
ld a,'0'
rld ; shift bits 4-7 of (HL) into bit 0-3 of A
cp '0' ; (HL) was > 9h?
jr nz,b2dexph ; if yes, start with recording high digit
dec c ; correct number of decimals
inc de ; correct start address
jr b2dexpl ; continue with converting low digit
b2dexp: rld ; shift high digit (HL) into low digit of a
b2dexph:ld (de),a ; record resulting ascii-code
inc de
b2dexpl:rld
ld (de),a
inc de
inc hl ; next BCD-byte
djnz b2dexp ; and go on to convert each BCD-byte into 2 ASCII
sbc hl,bc ; return with HL pointing to 1st decimal
ret
b2dinv .fill 8 ; space for 64-bit input value (LSB first)
b2dbuf .fill 20 ; space for 20 decimal digits
b2dend .db 0 ; space for terminating character
;
;===============================================================================
; Storage Section
;===============================================================================
@@ -487,20 +648,21 @@ first .db $FF ; first pass flag (true at start)
;
stksav .dw 0 ; stack pointer saved at start
.fill stksiz,0 ; stack
stack .equ $ ; stack top
stack .equ $ ; new stack top
;
; Messages
;
msgban .db "TIMER v1.1, 10-Nov-2019",13,10
.db "Copyright (C) 2019, Wayne Warthen, GNU GPL v3",0
msguse .db "Usage: TIMER [/C] [/?]",13,10
.db " ex. TIMER (display current timer value)",13,10
.db " TIMER /? (display version and usage)",13,10
msgban .db "TIMER v1.21, 30-Jun-2024",cr,lf
.db "Copyright (C) 2019, Wayne Warthen, GNU GPL v3",cr,lf
.db "Updated by MartinR 2024",0
msguse .db "Usage: TIMER [/C] [/?]",cr,lf
.db " ex. TIMER (display current timer value)",cr,lf
.db " TIMER /? (display version and usage)",cr,lf
.db " TIMER /C (display timer value continuously)",0
msgprm .db "Parameter error (TIMER /? for usage)",0
msgbio .db "Incompatible BIOS or version, "
.db "HBIOS v", '0' + rmj, ".", '0' + rmn, " required",0
strtick .db " Ticks, ",0
strsec .db " Seconds",0
strtick .db " Ticks ",0
strsec .db " Seconds ",0
;
.end
.end

136
Source/Doc/SystemGuide.md
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@@ -126,6 +126,142 @@ execution.
![Bank Switched Memory Layout](Graphics/BankSwitchedMemory){ width=100% }
## Bank Id
RomWBW utilizes a specific assignment of memory banks for dedicated
purposes. A numeric Bank Id is used to refer to the memory banks. The
Bank Id is a single byte. In general, the Bank Id simply refers to each
of the 32K banks in sequential order. In other words, Bank Id 0 is the
first physical 32K, Bank Id 1 is the second, etc. However, the high
order bit of the Bank Id has a special meaning. If it is 0, it indicates
a ROM bank is being referred to. If it is 1, it indicates a RAM bank
is being referred to.
For example, let's say we have a typical system with 512KB of ROM and
512KB of RAM. The Bank Ids would look like this:
| Physical Memory | Type | Physical Bank | Bank Id |
|-------------------|------|---------------|-----------|
| 0x000000-0x007FFF | ROM | 0 | 0x00 |
| 0x008000-0x00FFFF | ROM | 1 | 0x01 |
| 0x010000-0x07FFFF | ROM | 2-15 | 0x02-0x0F |
| 0x080000-0x087FFF | RAM | 16 | 0x80 |
| 0x088000-0x08FFFF | RAM | 17 | 0x81 |
| 0x090000-0x0FFFFF | RAM | 18-31 | 0x82-0x8F |
Note that Bank Id 0x00 is **always** the first bank of ROM and 0x80 is
**always** the first bank of RAM. If there were more banks of physical ROM,
they would be assigned Bank Ids starting with 0x10. Likewise, additional
bank of physical RAM would be assigned Bank Ids starting with 0x90.
The Bank Id is used in all RomWBW API functions when referring to
the mapping of banks to the lower 32K bank area of the processor. In
this way, all RomWBW functions can refer to a generic Bank Id without
needing to understand how a specific hardware platform accesses the
physical memory areas. A single routine within the HBIOS is implemented
for each memory manager that maps Bank Ids to physical memory.
## Bank Assignments
RomWBW requires dedicated banks of memory for specific purposes. It
uses Bank Ids via an algorithm to make these assignments. The following
table describes the way the banks are assigned. The Typical column
shows the specific values that would be assigned for a common system
with 512KB of ROM and 512KB of RAM (nROM=16, nRAM=16).
| Bank Id | Identity | Typical | Purpose |
|-------------------|-----------|---------|------------------------------------------|
| 0x00 |BID_BOOT | 0x00 | Boot Bank (HBIOS image) |
| 0x01 |BID_IMG0 | 0x01 | Boot Loader, Monitor, ROM OSes, ROM Apps |
| 0x02 |BID_IMG1 | 0x02 | ROM Apps |
| 0x03 |BID_IMG2 | 0x03 | \<Reserved\> |
| 0x04 |BID_ROMD0 | 0x04 | First ROM Disk Bank |
| nROM - 1 | | 0x0F | Last ROM Disk Bank |
| 0x80 |BID_BIOS | 0x80 | HBIOS (working copy) |
| 0x81 |BID_RAMD0 | 0x81 | First RAM Disk Bank |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 8 | | 0x88 | Last RAM Disk Bank |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 7 |BID_APP0 | 0x89 | First Application Bank |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 5 | | 0x8B | Last Application Bank |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 4 |BID_BUF | 0x8C | OS Disk Buffers |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 3 |BID_AUX | 0x8D | OS Code Bank |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 2 |BID_USR | 0x8E | User Bank (CP/M TPA) |
| 0x80 + nRAM - 1 |BID_COM | 0x8F | Common Bank |
In this table, nROM and nRAM refer to the number of corresponding
ROM and RAM banks in the the system.
The contents of the banks referred to above are described in more detail
below:
Boot Bank:
: The Boot Bank receives control when a system is first powered
on. It contains a ROM (read-only) copy of the HBIOS. At boot, it does
minimal hardware initialization, then copies itself to the HBIOS bank
in RAM, then resumes execution from the RAM bank.
Boot Loader:
: The application that handles loading of ROM or Disk based applications
including operating systems. It copies itself to a RAM bank at the
start of it's execution.
Monitor:
: The application that implements the basic system monitor functions.
It copies itself to a RAM bank at the start of it's execution.
ROM OSes:
: Code images of CP/M 2.2 and Z-System which are copied to RAM and
executed when a ROM-based operating system is selected in the Boot
Loader.
ROM Applications:
: Various ROM-based application images such as BASIC, FORTH, etc. They
can be selected in the Boot Loader. The Boot Loader will copy the
application image to a RAM bank, then transfer control to it.
ROM Disk:
: A sequential series of banks assigned to provide the system ROM Disk
contents.
HBIOS:
: This bank hosts the running copy of the RomWBW HBIOS.
RAM Disk:
: A sequential series of banks assigned to provide the system RAM Disk.
Application Bank:
: A sequential series of banks that are available for use by applications
that wish to utilize banked memory.
OS Disk Buffers:
: This bank is used by CP/M 3 and ZPM3 for disk buffer storage.
OS Code Bank:
: This bank is used by CP/M 3 and ZPM3 as an alternate bank for code.
This allows these operating systems to make additional TPA space
available for applications.
User Bank:
: This is the default bank for applications to use. This includes the
traditional TPA space for CP/M.
Common Bank:
: This bank is mapped to the upper 32K of the processors memory space.
It is a fixed mapping that is never changed in normal RomWBW operation
hence the name "Common".
# System Boot Process
A multi-phase boot strategy is employed. This is necessary because at

2
Source/ver.inc
View File

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
#DEFINE RMN 5
#DEFINE RUP 0
#DEFINE RTP 0
#DEFINE BIOSVER "3.5.0-dev.47"
#DEFINE BIOSVER "3.5.0-dev.48"
#define rmj RMJ
#define rmn RMN
#define rup RUP

2
Source/ver.lib
View File

@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ rmn equ 5
rup equ 0
rtp equ 0
biosver macro
db "3.5.0-dev.47"
db "3.5.0-dev.48"
endm