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50 CPM 51  CPM 52 !: $: $ее: e: %ее:Ђ%: %еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееare stored with the given logical skew. .LP A CP/M disk contains three areas: .RS .sp System tracks (optional) .br Directory .brееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееscribed by the following specific sizes: .RS .sp Sector size in bytes .br Number of tracks .br Number of sectors .br Block size ееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее Data .sp .RE The system tracks store the boot loader and CP/M itself. In order to save disk space, there are non-bootable formееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее.br Number of directory entries .br Logical sector skew .br Number of reserved system tracks .sp .RE A block is the smallest allееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееats which omit those system tracks. The term \fIdisk capacity\fP always excludes the space for system tracks. Note that there isееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееocatable storage unit. CP/M supports block sizes of 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 and 16384 bytes. Unfortunately, this format specifiееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее.\" Believe it or not, reportedly there are nroffs which do not know \(en .if n .ds en - .if t .ds en \(en .TH CPM 5 "January 16ееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее no bitmap or list for free blocks. When accessing a drive for the first time, CP/M builds this bitmap in core from the directoееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееcation is not stored on the disk and there are lots of formats. Accessing a block is performed by accessing its sectors, which ееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее!еееееееееееееееееееееееееееееее, 1997" "CP/M tools" "File formats" .SH NAME cpm \- CP/M disk and file system format .SH DESCRIPTION Each CP/M disk format is dery. .LP The directory is a sequence of directory entries (also called extents), which have the following structure: .RS .sp 1 by date is stored as: .RS .sp 2 bytes (little-endian) days since 01-01-1978 .br 1 byte hour in BCD format .br 1 byte minute in BCD time stamps, but P2DOS does. Its time stamps are stored in each fourth directory entry, which contains the update and create ti.\" Believe it or not, reportedly there are nroffs which do not know \(en .if n .ds en - .if t .ds en \(en .TH CPM 5 "January 16 . , ; : = ? * [ ]\fP. Both are padded with blanks. .LP A file may use more than one directory entry, if it contains more blockon byte 2: archived .RE Public files (visible under each user number) are not supported by CP/M 2.2, but (you probably guessed tte status (0xe5 \(-> free, 0\*(en31 \(-> user number, used and 0x21 \(-> timestamps) .br 8 bytes file name, padded with blanks . format .sp .RE The highest bit of each character of the file name and extension is used as attribute. The attributes have the me stamps for the files in the previous three directory entries: .RS .sp 1 byte status .br 8 bytes time stamp for third-last dir, 1997" "CP/M tools" "File formats" .SH NAME cpm \- CP/M disk and file system format .SH DESCRIPTION Each CP/M disk format is des than an extent can hold. In this case, more extents are allocated and each of them is numbered sequentially (extent number). hat by now) there is a patch and some free CP/M clones support them without any patches. .LP The wheel byte is (by default) the br 3 bytes file extension, padded with blanks .br 1 byte extent number for this file .br 2 bytes unused .br 1 byte record count following meaning: .RS .sp File name byte 0: requires set wheel byte (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 1: public file (P2DOS,ectory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stamp for second-last directory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stampscribed by the following specific sizes: .RS .sp Sector size in bytes .br Number of tracks .br Number of sectors .br Block size One extent may store up to 128 records, thus using at most 16 K. .LP CP/M 2.2 only supports user numbers from 0\*(en15, but thememory location at 0x4b. If it is zero, only non-privileged commands may be executed. .SH "SEE ALSO" .IR mkfs.cpm (1), .IR cpmlfor this extent (a record contains 128 bytes) .br 16 bytes block pointers (16 byte values if disk capacity less than 256 K, 8 li ZSDOS), forground-only command (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 2: date stamp (ZSDOS), background-only commands (Background for last directory entry .sp .RE A time stamp consists of the two dates of the last update and of the creation of a file. Each.br Number of directory entries .br Logical sector skew .br Number of reserved system tracks .sp .RE A block is the smallest allre is a patch for extending this to 31 and some free CP/M clones support 0\*(en31 without patches. .LP CP/M 2.2 does not supports (1) ttle-endian two-byte values else) .sp .RE File name and extension may consist of any printable 7 bit ASCII character but: \fB< >er II) .br File name byte 7: wheel protect (ZSDOS) .br Extension byte 0: read-only .br Extension byte 1: system file .sp Extensiocatable storage unit. CP/M supports block sizes of 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 and 16384 bytes. Unfortunately, this format specifi One extent may store up to 128 records, thus using at most 16 K. .LP CP/M 2.2 only supports user numbers from 0\*(en15, but thefor this extent (a record contains 128 bytes) .br 16 bytes block pointers (16 byte values if disk capacity less than 256 K, 8 li ZSDOS), forground-only command (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 2: date stamp (ZSDOS), background-only commands (Background no bitmap or list for free blocks. When accessing a drive for the first time, CP/M builds this bitmap in core from the directo for last directory entry .sp .RE A time stamp consists of the two dates of the last update and of the creation of a file. Eachcation is not stored on the disk and there are lots of formats. Accessing a block is performed by accessing its sectors, which re is a patch for extending this to 31 and some free CP/M clones support 0\*(en31 without patches. .LP CP/M 2.2 does not supportttle-endian two-byte values else) .sp .RE File name and extension may consist of any printable 7 bit ASCII character but: \fB< >er II) .br File name byte 7: wheel protect (ZSDOS) .br Extension byte 0: read-only .br Extension byte 1: system file .sp Extensiry. .LP The directory is a sequence of directory entries (also called extents), which have the following structure: .RS .sp 1 by date is stored as: .RS .sp 2 bytes (little-endian) days since 01-01-1978 .br 1 byte hour in BCD format .br 1 byte minute in BCDare stored with the given logical skew. .LP A CP/M disk contains three areas: .RS .sp System tracks (optional) .br Directory .br time stamps, but P2DOS does. Its time stamps are stored in each fourth directory entry, which contains the update and create ti . , ; : = ? * [ ]\fP. Both are padded with blanks. .LP A file may use more than one directory entry, if it contains more blockon byte 2: archived .RE Public files (visible under each user number) are not supported by CP/M 2.2, but (you probably guessed tte status (0xe5 \(-> free, 0\*(en31 \(-> user number, used and 0x21 \(-> timestamps) .br 8 bytes file name, padded with blanks . format .sp .RE The highest bit of each character of the file name and extension is used as attribute. The attributes have the Data .sp .RE The system tracks store the boot loader and CP/M itself. In order to save disk space, there are non-bootable formme stamps for the files in the previous three directory entries: .RS .sp 1 byte status .br 8 bytes time stamp for third-last dirs than an extent can hold. In this case, more extents are allocated and each of them is numbered sequentially (extent number). hat by now) there is a patch and some free CP/M clones support them without any patches. .LP The wheel byte is (by default) the br 3 bytes file extension, padded with blanks .br 1 byte extent number for this file .br 2 bytes unused .br 1 byte record count following meaning: .RS .sp File name byte 0: requires set wheel byte (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 1: public file (P2DOS,ats which omit those system tracks. The term \fIdisk capacity\fP always excludes the space for system tracks. Note that there isectory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stamp for second-last directory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stampmemory location at 0x4b. If it is zero, only non-privileged commands may be executed. .SH "SEE ALSO" .IR mkfs.cpm (1), .IR cpmlte status (0xe5 \(-> free, 0\*(en31 \(-> user number, used and 0x21 \(-> timestamps) .br 8 bytes file name, padded with blanks . Data .sp .RE The system tracks store the boot loader and CP/M itself. In order to save disk space, there are non-bootable formme stamps for the files in the previous three directory entries: .RS .sp 1 byte status .br 8 bytes time stamp for third-last dir.br Number of directory entries .br Logical sector skew .br Number of reserved system tracks .sp .RE A block is the smallest alls than an extent can hold. In this case, more extents are allocated and each of them is numbered sequentially (extent number). s (1) br 3 bytes file extension, padded with blanks .br 1 byte extent number for this file .br 2 bytes unused .br 1 byte record count ats which omit those system tracks. The term \fIdisk capacity\fP always excludes the space for system tracks. Note that there isectory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stamp for second-last directory entry .br 2 bytes unused .br 8 bytes time stampocatable storage unit. CP/M supports block sizes of 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 and 16384 bytes. Unfortunately, this format specifi One extent may store up to 128 records, thus using at most 16 K. .LP CP/M 2.2 only supports user numbers from 0\*(en15, but the.\" Believe it or not, reportedly there are nroffs which do not know \(en .if n .ds en - .if t .ds en \(en .TH CPM 5 "January 16for this extent (a record contains 128 bytes) .br 16 bytes block pointers (16 byte values if disk capacity less than 256 K, 8 li no bitmap or list for free blocks. When accessing a drive for the first time, CP/M builds this bitmap in core from the directo for last directory entry .sp .RE A time stamp consists of the two dates of the last update and of the creation of a file. Eachcation is not stored on the disk and there are lots of formats. Accessing a block is performed by accessing its sectors, which re is a patch for extending this to 31 and some free CP/M clones support 0\*(en31 without patches. .LP CP/M 2.2 does not support, 1997" "CP/M tools" "File formats" .SH NAME cpm \- CP/M disk and file system format .SH DESCRIPTION Each CP/M disk format is dettle-endian two-byte values else) .sp .RE File name and extension may consist of any printable 7 bit ASCII character but: \fB< >ry. .LP The directory is a sequence of directory entries (also called extents), which have the following structure: .RS .sp 1 by date is stored as: .RS .sp 2 bytes (little-endian) days since 01-01-1978 .br 1 byte hour in BCD format .br 1 byte minute in BCDare stored with the given logical skew. .LP A CP/M disk contains three areas: .RS .sp System tracks (optional) .br Directory .br time stamps, but P2DOS does. Its time stamps are stored in each fourth directory entry, which contains the update and create tiscribed by the following specific sizes: .RS .sp Sector size in bytes .br Number of tracks .br Number of sectors .br Block size . , ; : = ? * [ ]\fP. Both are padded with blanks. .LP A file may use more than one directory entry, if it contains more block format .sp .RE The highest bit of each character of the file name and extension is used as attribute. The attributes have the hat by now) there is a patch and some free CP/M clones support them without any patches. .LP The wheel byte is (by default) the following meaning: .RS .sp File name byte 0: requires set wheel byte (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 1: public file (P2DOS,memory location at 0x4b. If it is zero, only non-privileged commands may be executed. .SH "SEE ALSO" .IR mkfs.cpm (1), .IR cpml ZSDOS), forground-only command (Backgrounder II) .br File name byte 2: date stamp (ZSDOS), background-only commands (Backgrounds (1) er II) .br File name byte 7: wheel protect (ZSDOS) .br Extension byte 0: read-only .br Extension byte 1: system file .sp Extension byte 2: archived .RE Public files (visible under each user number) are not supported by CP/M 2.2, but (you probably guessed t