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maclib ldropts.lib
maclib cpm3.lib
cseg
extrn phex16, phex8
extrn cin, cout
extrn crlf, crlf2
debug equ false
; BIOS Jump vector.
; All BIOS routines are invoked by calling these
; entry points.
?boot: jp boot ; initial entry on cold start
?wboot: jp wboot ; reentry on program exit, warm start
?const: jp const ; return console input status
?conin: jp conin ; return console input character
?cono: jp conout ; send console output character
?list: jp list ; send list output character
?auxo: jp auxout ; send auxilliary output character
?auxi: jp auxin ; return auxilliary input character
?home: jp home ; set disks to logical home
?sldsk: jp seldsk ; select disk drive, return disk parameter info
?sttrk: jp settrk ; set disk track
?stsec: jp setsec ; set disk sector
?stdma: jp setdma ; set disk I/O memory address
?read: jp read ; read physical block(s)
?write: jp write ; write physical block(s)
?lists: jp listst ; return list device status
?sctrn: jp sectrn ; translate logical to physical sector
?conos: jp conost ; return console output status
?auxis: jp auxist ; return aux input status
?auxos: jp auxost ; return aux output status
?dvtbl: jp devtbl ; return address of device def table
?devin: jp devini ; change baud rate of device
?drtbl: jp drvtbl ; return address of disk drive table
?mltio: jp multio ; set multiple record count for disk I/O
?flush: jp flush ; flush BIOS maintained disk caching
?mov: jp move ; block move memory to memory
?tim: jp time ; Signal Time and Date operation
?bnksl: jp selmem ; select bank for code execution and default DMA
?stbnk: jp setbnk ; select different bank for disk I/O DMA operations.
?xmov: jp xmove ; set source and destination banks for one operation
jp 0 ; reserved for future expansion
jp 0 ; reserved for future expansion
jp 0 ; reserved for future expansion
mbrsec equ dtabuf
boot:
; The main module (cpmldr.asm) does not expect the
; boot call to use much stack. We use our own during
; this routine to avoid issues.
ld (stksav),sp
ld sp,stack
; Do the real work
call boot0
; Restore original stack and return
ld sp,(stksav)
ret
boot0:
if cmdline
boot1:
; Get disk unit from user
ld de,msgunit ; disk unit prompt
call writestr ; display on console
call cin ; get a character
push af ; save it
call cout ; echo character
pop af ; restore it
sub '0' ; convert to binary
ld (unit),a ; save it
jr c,selerr ; loop if below 0 entered
ld bc,0F810h ; HBIOS, get disk unit count
call 0FFF0h ; do it, E := disk unit count
ld a,(unit) ; get unit num back
cp e ; compare to entry
jr nc,selerr ; loop if too high
; Get disk slice from user
ld de,msgslc ; slice prompt
call writestr ; display on console
call cin ; get a character
push af ; save it
call cout ; echo it
pop af ; restore it
sub '0' ; convert to binary
ld (slice),a ; save it
jr c,selerr ; loop if below 0 entered
cp 10 ; check for over 9
jr nc,selerr ; loop if over 9
ld de,msgcrlf ; linefeed
call writestr ; ... to console
jr boot2 ; boot w/ unit & slice
selerr:
; Display invalid entry message and restart
ld de,msginv ; error message
call writestr ; display on console
jr boot1 ; loop
boot2:
; Record unit & slice w/ HBIOS
ld bc,0F9E0h ; HBIOS func: set boot info
ld a,(unit) ; get unit
ld d,a ; put in D
ld a,(slice) ; get slice
ld e,a ; put in E
ld l,0 ; Bank is always zero
call 0FFF0h ; do it
else
; Get unit & slice from HBIOS
ld bc,0F8E0h ; HBIOS func: get boot info
call 0FFF0h ; do it, D := boot unit, E: := slice
ld a,d ; move unit to A
ld (unit),a ; save it
ld a,e ; move slice to A
ld (slice),a ; save it
endif
; Check that drive actually exists
ld bc,0F810h ; HBIOS func: get disk count
call 0FFF0h ; do it, E=disk count
ld a,(unit) ; get boot disk unit
cp e ; compare to count
jp nc,err_nodisk ; handle no disk err
; Sense media to determine media format
ld a,(unit) ; Get boot unit
ld c,a ; put in C
ld b,18h ; HBIOS Media function
ld e,1 ; Enable media check/discovery
call 0FFF0H ; HBIOS call
jp nz,err_diskio ; handle error
ld a,e ; resultant media id to accum
ld (medid),a ; save media id
or a ; set flags, 0 is no media
jp z,err_diskio ; handle no media error
; Initialize slice start LBA & sectors per slice
ld hl,0 ; assume slice starts
ld (lba),hl ; ... at LBA offset
ld (lba+2),hl ; ... of zero
ld hl,16640 ; assume legacy value for
ld (sps),hl ; ... sectors per slice
; If not hard disk, skip partition & slice stuff
ld a,(medid) ; get media id
cp 4 ; hard disk?
jr nz,boot9 ; if not, jump ahead
; Read MBR
ld de,8000h ; LBA address zero
ld hl,0 ; ... to read first sector
ld bc,mbrsec ; read into MBR buffer
ld (dma),bc ; save
ld b,1 ; one sector
ld a,(unit) ; get bootunit
ld c,a ; put in C
call diskread ; do it, no return on err
; Check signature
ld hl,(mbrsec+1FEh) ; get signature
ld a,l ; first byte
cp 055h ; should be $55
jr nz,boot5 ; if not, no part table
ld a,h ; second byte
cp 0AAh ; should be $AA
jr nz,boot5 ; if not, no part table
; Search part table for CP/M entry (type 0x2E)
ld b,4 ; four entries in part table
ld hl,mbrsec+1BEh+4 ; offset of first part type
boot3:
ld a,(hl) ; get part type
cp 2Eh ; CP/M partition?
jr z,boot4 ; cool, grab the LBA offset
ld de,16 ; part table entry size
add hl,de ; bump to next part type
djnz boot3 ; loop thru table
jr boot5 ; too bad, no CP/M partition
boot4:
; Capture the starting LBA of the CP/M partition we found
ld de,4 ; LBA is 4 bytes after part type
add hl,de ; point to it
ld de,lba ; loc to store lba offset
ld bc,4 ; 4 bytes (32 bits)
ldir ; copy it
; For now, it is implied that a slice within a partition
; table will be in the "new" disk format. So, we now
; adjust the sectors per slice and media id.
; Use new slice format sectors per slice value
ld hl,16384 ; new sectors per slice
ld (sps),hl ; save it
; Update media id for new hard disk format
ld a,10 ; new media id
ld (medid),a ; save it
boot5:
; Adjust LBA offset based on target slice
ld a,(slice) ; get boot slice, A is loop cnt
ld hl,(lba) ; set DE:HL
ld de,(lba+2) ; ... to starting LBA
ld bc,(sps) ; sectors per slice
boot6:
or a ; set flags to check loop cntr
jr z,boot8 ; done if counter exhausted
add hl,bc ; add one slice to low word
jr nc,boot7 ; check for carry
inc de ; if so, bump high word
boot7:
dec a ; dec loop downcounter
jr boot6 ; and loop
boot8:
ld (lba),hl ; save new lba, low word
ld (lba+2),de ; save new lba, high word
boot9:
; Locate DPB corresponding to media id
ld hl,dpb$start - dpb$sz
ld de,dpb$sz
ld a,(medid) ; get media id
ld b,a ; to loop count
boot10:
add hl,de ; next dpb
djnz boot10 ; loop as needed
; Stuff DPB ptr (HL) into DPH
ld de,dph0 ; load DPH pointer
ex de,hl ; de = DPB adr, hl = DPH adr
push de ; save DPB adr
ld de,12 ; offset of DPB in DPH
add hl,de ; hl = adr of DPB field in DPH
pop de ; recover DPB adr
ld (hl),e ; update LSB
inc hl ; point to MSB
ld (hl),d ; update MSB
ret ; done
wboot:
ld a,81H
halt
const:
ld a,82H
halt
conin:
ld bc,0080h ; unit 80h (console), func 0 = CIN
call 0FFF0h ; do it
ld a,e ; put in C
ret ; done
conout:
ld e,c ; output character in E
ld bc,0180h ; unit 80h (console), func 1 = COUT
jp 0FFF0h
list:
ld a,85H
halt
auxout:
ld a,86H
halt
auxin:
ld a,87H
halt
home:
ld hl,0
ld (trk),hl
ret
seldsk:
ld hl,dph0
ret
settrk:
ld (trk),bc
ret
setsec:
ld (sect),bc
ret
setdma:
if debug
push hl
push bc
pop hl
call crlf
call phex16
pop hl
endif
ld (dma),bc
ret
read:
if debug
call crlf
ld a,(unit)
call phex8
ld a,' '
call cout
ld hl,(trk)
call phex16
ld a,' '
call cout
ld hl,(sect)
call phex16
ld a,' '
call cout
ld hl,(lba+2)
call phex16
ld hl,(lba+0)
call phex16
endif
; Check device type
ld a,(unit) ; get unit
ld c,a ; BIOS Disk Unit in C
ld b,17h ; HBIOS DEVICE function
rst 08 ; Do it, D=device type
ld a,d ; put in accum
and 0F0h ; isolate high bits
cp 10h ; floppy?
jr nz,read2 ; if not, do LBA i/o
; Floppy I/O
ld de,(sect) ; sector -> de, head(d) becomes zero
ld hl,(trk) ; track -> hl (low bit has head)
srl h ; shift head bit out of hl
rr l ; ... and into carry
rl d ; carry bit (head) into d
jr read3 ; do the disk i/o
; LBA I/O
read2:
ld hl,(trk) ; get track
ld de,0 ; clear hiword
ld b,4 ; x16 (16 spt assumed)
call rl32 ; do it
; combine with sector
ld a,(sect) ; get sector
or l ; combine
ld l,a ; and back to L
; add in lba offset
ld bc,(lba) ; lba offset loword
add hl,bc ; add to cur loword
ex de,hl ; swap
ld bc,(lba+2) ; lba offset hiword
adc hl,bc ; add w/ carry to cur hiword
ex de,hl ; swap back
set 7,d ; set lba access bit
read3:
if debug
ld a,' '
call cout
ex de,hl
call phex16
ex de,hl
call phex16
endif
; DE:HL has sector address to read (LBA or CHS)
ld a,(unit) ; get disk unit
ld c,a ; put in C
ld b,1 ; read 1 sector
jr diskread ; read sector and return
diskread:
; Read disk sector(s)
; DE:HL is LBA, B is sector count, C is disk unit
; Seek to requested sector in DE:HL
push bc ; save unit & count
ld b,012h ; HBIOS func: seek
call 0FFF0h ; do it
pop bc ; recover unit & count
jp nz,err_diskio ; handle error
; Read sector(s) into buffer
ld e,b ; transfer count
ld b,013h ; HBIOS func: disk read
ld hl,(dma) ; read into info sec buffer
ld a,(0FFE0h) ; get current bank
ld d,a ; put in D
call 0FFF0h ; do it
jp nz,err_diskio ; handle error
xor a ; signal success
ret ; and done
write:
ld a,8EH
halt
listst:
ld a,8FH
halt
sectrn:
ld h,b
ld l,c
ret
conost:
ld a,91H
halt
auxist:
ld a,92H
halt
auxost:
ld a,93H
halt
devtbl:
ld a,94H
halt
devini:
ld a,95H
halt
drvtbl:
ld a,96H
halt
multio:
ld a,97H
halt
flush:
ld a,98H
halt
move:
; On input, DE=src, HL=dest
ex de,hl ; swap HL/DE for LDIR
ldir ; Z80 block move
ex de,hl ; swap back (required!)
ret ; done
time:
ld a,9AH
halt
selmem:
ld a,9BH
halt
setbnk:
ld a,9CH
halt
xmove:
ld a,9DH
halt
;cin:
; ; Input character from console via HBIOS
; ld c,080H ; console unit to C
; ld b,00H ; HBIOS func: input char
; call 0FFF0H ; HBIOS reads character
; ld a,e ; To A for return
; ret ; done
;cout:
; ; Output character to console via HBIOS
; ld e,a ; output char to E
; ld c,080H ; console unit to C
; ld b,01H ; HBIOS func: output char
; jp 0FFF0H ; output & return
writestr:
push af
writestr1:
ld a,(de)
cp '$' ; test for string terminator
jp z,writestr2
push de
call cout
pop de
inc de
jp writestr1
writestr2:
pop af
ret
rl32:
; Left shift DE:HL by B bits (B > 0)
or a ; clear carry
rl l ; rotate L thru carry
rl h ; rotate H thru carry
rl e ; rotate E thru carry
rl d ; rotate D thru carry
djnz rl32 ; loop B times
ret ; done
err_nodisk:
ld hl,str_err_nodisk
jr err
err_noslice:
ld hl,str_err_noslice
jr err
err_diskio:
ld hl,str_err_diskio
jr err
err_sig:
ld hl,str_err_sig
jr err
err_api:
ld hl,str_err_api
jr err
err:
push hl
ld de,str_err_prefix
call writestr
pop de
call writestr
halt
str_err_prefix db "\r\n\r\n*** ","$"
str_err_nodisk db "Disk unit not available","$"
str_err_noslice db "Disk unit does not support slices","$"
str_err_diskio db "Disk I/O failure","$"
str_err_sig db "No system image on disk","$"
str_err_api db "HBIOS API failure","$"
msgunit db 13,10,13,10,'Boot CP/M 3 from Disk Unit: $'
msgslc db ' Slice: $'
msginv db 13,10,13,10,'*** Invalid Selection ***$'
msgcrlf db 13,10,'$'
dpb$start:
dpb$rom: ; 384K ROM Drive
dw 64 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 1 ; exm: extent mask
dw 192 - 1 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 = (384kb / 2k bls) - 1 = 191
dw 256 - 1 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 8000h ; cks: directory check vector size - permanent storage = 8000H
dw 0 ; off: reserved tracks = 16 trks * (16 trks * 16 heads * 16 secs * 512 bytes) = 128k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb$sz equ $ - dpb$start
dpb$ram: ; 256K RAM Drive
dw 64 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 1 ; exm: extent mask
dw 128 - 1 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 = (256kb / 2k bls) - 1 = 127
dw 256 - 1 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 8000h ; cks: directory check vector size - permanent storage = 8000H
dw 0 ; off: reserved tracks = 16 trks * (16 trks * 16 heads * 16 secs * 512 bytes) = 128k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb$rf: ; 4MB RAM Floppy Drive
dw 64 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 0 ; exm: extent mask
dw 2047 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 = (4mb / 2k bls) - 1 = 2047
dw 255 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 8000h ; cks: directory check vector size - permanent storage = 8000H
dw 0 ; off: reserved tracks = 0 trks
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb$hd: ; 8MB Hard Disk Drive
dw 64 ; spt: sectors per track
db 5 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 31 ; blm: block mask
db 1 ; exm: extent mask
dw 2047 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 = (8mb / 4k bls) - 1 = 2047
dw 512-1 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 512 - 1 = 511
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 8000h ; cks: directory check vector size - permanent storage = 8000H
dw 16 ; off: reserved tracks = 16 trks * (16 trks * 16 heads * 16 secs * 512 bytes) = 128k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb$fd720: ; 3.5" DS/DD Floppy Drive (720K)
dw 36 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 0 ; exm: extent mask
dw 350 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 blk = ((720k - 18k off) / 2k bls) - 1 = 350
dw 127 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 128 - 1 = 127
db 11000000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 32 ; cks: directory check vector size = 128 / 4
dw 4 ; off: reserved tracks = 4 trks * (512 b/sec * 36 sec/trk) = 18k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb_fd144: ; 3.5" DS/HD Floppy Drive (1.44M)
dw 72 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 0 ; exm: extent mask
dw 710 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 blk = ((1,440k - 18k off) / 2k bls) - 1 = 710
dw 255 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 64 ; cks: directory check vector size = 256 / 4
dw 2 ; off: reserved tracks = 2 trks * (512 b/sec * 72 sec/trk) = 18k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb_fd360: ; 5.25" DS/DD Floppy Drive (360K)
dw 36 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 1 ; exm: extent mask
dw 170 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 blk = ((360k - 18k off) / 2k bls) - 1 = 170
dw 127 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 128 - 1 = 127
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 32 ; cks: directory check vector size = 128 / 4
dw 4 ; off: reserved tracks = 4 trks * (512 b/sec * 36 sec/trk) = 18k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb_fd120: ; 5.25" DS/HD Floppy Drive (1.2M)
dw 60 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 0 ; exm: extent mask
dw 591 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 blk = ((1,200k - 15k off) / 2k bls) - 1 = 591
dw 255 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 64 ; cks: directory check vector size = 256 / 4
dw 2 ; off: reserved tracks = 2 trks * (512 b/sec * 60 sec/trk) = 15k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb_fd111: ; 8" DS/DD Floppy Drive (1.11M)
dw 60 ; spt: sectors per track
db 4 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 15 ; blm: block mask
db 0 ; exm: extent mask
dw 569 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 blk = ((1,155k - 15k off) / 2k bls) - 1 = 569
dw 255 ; drm: dir entries - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
db 11110000b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 64 ; cks: directory check vector size = 256 / 4
dw 2 ; off: reserved tracks = 2 trks * (512 b/sec * 60 sec/trk) = 15k
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dpb$hdnew: ; 8MB Hard Disk Drive (new format)
dw 64 ; spt: sectors per track
db 5 ; bsh: block shift factor
db 31 ; blm: block mask
db 1 ; exm: extent mask
dw 2048 - 1 - 4 ; dsm: total storage in blocks - 1 = 2048 - 1 - resvd tracks
dw 1024 - 1 ; drm: dir entries
db 11111111b ; al0: dir blk bit map, first byte
db 00000000b ; al1: dir blk bit map, second byte
dw 8000h ; cks: directory check vector size - permanent storage = 8000H
dw 2 ; off: reserved tracks
db 2 ; psh: 2 for 512 byte sectors
db 3 ; phm: (512 / 128) - 1
dph0: dw 0 ; xlt, 0 means no translation
db 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 ; scratch (9 bytes)
db 0 ; mf: media flag
dw dpb$hd ; dpb
dw csvbuf ; csv:
dw alvbuf ; alv:
dw dirbcb ; dirbcb
dw dtabcb ; dtabcb
dw 0ffffh ; hash (disabled)
db 0 ; hbank
dtbl: dtbl dph0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
dirbcb: db 0ffh ; drv
db 0,0,0 ; rec#
db 0 ; wflg
db 0 ; scratch
dw 0 ; track
dw 0 ; sector
dw dirbuf ; buffad
dtabcb: db 0ffh ; drv
db 0,0,0 ; rec#
db 0 ; wflg
db 0 ; scratch
dw 0 ; track
dw 0 ; sector
dw dtabuf ; buffad
unit ds 1 ; HBIOS unit number
slice ds 1 ; HBIOS slice number
trk ds 2 ; current track
sect ds 2 ; current sector
dma ds 2 ; current DMA address
medid ds 1 ; media id
lba ds 4 ; current lba
sps ds 2 ; sectors per slice
ds 64
stack equ $
stksav ds 2
csvbufs equ 256
alvbufs equ 512
dirbufs equ 512
dtabufs equ 512
;csvbuf ds 256 ; length (CSV) = ((DRM+1)/4)
;alvbuf ds 512 ; length (ALV) = ((DSM+1)/4)
;dirbuf ds 512 ; sector buffer
;dtabuf ds 512 ; sector buffer
; Trying to save space. The loader must fit underneath
; the start of BNKBDOS3 and we have a big BNKBDOS because
; of all the disk allocations. Putting these buffers
; in upper memory actually helps quite a bit.
csvbuf equ 8000h
alvbuf equ csvbuf + csvbufs
dirbuf equ alvbuf + alvbufs
dtabuf equ dirbuf + dirbufs
end