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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
\textbf{Documentation on ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP}
ZCPR is a Group Project By the CCP-GROUP:
RLC - Richard Conn FJW - Frank Wancho
KBP - Keith Peterson RGF - Ron Fowler
ZCPR Documentation By RLC
Table of Contents
----- -- --------
Introduction 2
Part A: Installation Instructions 4
ZCPR Integration Example 5
Setting the ZCPR Inline Options 8
REL, BASE, CPRLOC, RAS, SUBA, CLEVEL3 8
Customization Symbols 8
NLINES, WIDE, PGDFLT 8
PGDFLG, MAXUSR, SYSFLG, SOFLG, SUPRES,
DEFUSR, SPRMPT, CPRMPT, NUMBASE, 9
SECTFLG, FENCE 10
Patching SUBMIT.COM 10
Part B: Usage Instructions and Explanation of
Commands 11
The ZCPR Command Hierarchy Search 11
The ZCPR-Resident Commands 14
DIR, ERA 14
LIST, TYPE, SAVE 15
REN, USER, DFU 16
JUMP, GO, GET 17
ZCPR Error Messages 18
Part C: ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them 19
Page 1
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
\textbf{Documentation on ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP}
ZCPR is a replacement for the CP/M Console Command Processor
(CCP) which is designed to run as part of CP/M on Z80-based
microcomputers. In most cases it is upward-compatible with the
original CP/M Version 2.2 CCP.
ZCPR, however, provides many extensions to the CP/M CCP.
Included in these extensions are the following features:
. The TYPE function can be made to page or not page its
output at the user's discretion
. A LIST function is available which sends its output
to the CP/M LST: Device and does NOT page
. The DIR command has been extended to allow the dis-
play of the system files or all files
. The ERA command now prints out the names of the files
it is erasing
. The current user number may be included as part of
the command prompt; if the user is under a number other than 0,
the prompt is of the form 'du>' (like 'A2>' or 'B10>'), and, if
the user is under 0, the prompt may be 'd>' or 'd0>' as per his
choice
. The SUBMIT facility has been changed in two basic
ways:
- the prompt changes to 'du$' or 'd$' when the
SUBMIT command is printed
- the $$$.SUB is executed from drive A: (note that
the original SUBMIT problem now exists, but the new SUB.COM
facility corrects it); the CCP-GROUP definition of an Indirect
Command File now applies, and this definition is that any
sequence of commands which may be issued from the console is also
a valid sequence of commands for execution from an Indirect
Command File; hence, the sequence:
DIR
B:
DIR
A:
may be issued from either the console or an Indirect Command
File, and the results of the execution of this sequence are the
same. Basically, this says that Indirect Command Files are
upward-compatible to the console input (but not necessarily that
the contents of an Indirect Command File may be issued at the
console without modification).
Page 2
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
. A command-search hierarchy is now implemented which
is executed roughly as follows:
- the user's command is checked against the CPR-
resident commands and executed immediately if a match is found
- failing that, the current user number on the
current disk is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded
and executed if found
- failing that, a default user number (initially 0
but can be reset with the DFU CPR-resident command) on the cur-
rent disk is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded and
executed if found
- finally, failing that, the default user number
on disk A: is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded
and executed if found or an error message (COMMAND?, when COMMAND
was the user's command name) is printed
. The numeric argument for the SAVE command can be
specified in hexadecimal so that the user may employ the values
presented by tools such as DDT exactly as they are given
. A GET command which loads a file at a specified
memory address and a JUMP command which "calls" the subroutine at
a specified memory address have been added; a GO command which
"calls" the subroutine at 100H (subset of the JUMP capability)
has also been added
This document provides the user of ZCPR with the following
information:
Part A: Installation Instructions
Part B: Usage Instructions and Explanation of Commands
Part C: ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them
Page 3
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Part A
Installation Instructions
In order to install ZCPR on a target microcomputer (must be
currently running CP/M 2.2), the user must know two basic things:
1) Where his CCP is currently running in memory
2) Where his CCP is located in the SYSGEN image, or,
for systems which don't support SYSGEN (such as P&T CP/M 2.2 for
the TRS-80 Model II), where his CCP is located on disk and how to
place the new ZCPR on top of it
The first question is answered relatively easily. A pro-
gram, known as either BDOSLOC or BDLOC (for BDOS Locator), is
provided with ZCPR. You should assemble this program for your
particular computer (change the base ORG if you are running non-
ORG-0 CP/M) and execute it. Upon execution, it will provide you
with the base address of (1) the BDOS and (2) the CCP for your
particular system. BDOSLOC has worked correctly for all systems
tested so far, but there is always a chance that it may NOT work
for some non-tested system. For the time being, assume that it
works correctly and record the starting base page address of your
CCP.
The second question is not answered nearly so easily. If
you have the ability to SYSGEN your system, it is much easier
(commonly) than if you do not. You must, after assembling the
ZCPR properly, integrate it into the sysgen (or disk) image of
CP/M. This can be done by obtaining a SYSGEN image of your
system, scanning it via a debugger such as DDT to find the offset
for the CCP, reading the new CPR in on top of the old one, and
finally running SYSGEN again to place the resultant system on
disk. If you DO NOT have SYSGEN capability, a Disk Utility
program is required to locate the CCP on disk and then write the
new ZCPR on top of the old one. The net result of this
integration is the placement of the new ZCPR onto disk in the
proper place so that it will be loaded with the rest of CP/M on
cold boot and executed properly.
To find the original CCP, you typically have to locate it by
its appearance. It is probably stored contiguously on disk, so,
once it is found, a sequential overwrite is all that is required.
Probability is extremely high that it is stored contiguously in
the SYSGEN image. The CCP starts with two (2) and ONLY TWO jump
instructions followed by a buffer area (possibly containing an
initial command and/or the Digital Research copyright notice).
The Digital Research manuals show the CCP to reside at address
980H in the SYSGEN image, but this may vary with system. To
find this image, use DDT or some other such debugger, load the
SYSGEN image you can get via SYSGEN, and examine memory starting
at around 900H for the two (and ONLY two) jumps described above.
If you find an area with more than two jumps (a group of them),
you are probably looking at the BIOS and should go lower for the
CCP. The CCP will probably start on an even page or half-page
address (like 900H, 980H, 1100H, etc).
Page 4
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Now that the location of the CCP has been found, record this
address for later. You are now ready for the integration of ZCPR
into your system. To do this, perform the following steps using
the information of the page address of the CCP (obtained from
BDOSLOC and called CPRLOC within ZCPR) and the SYSGEN image
address of the CCP (called IMAGE for reference in this document).
1. Edit ZCPR and set the CPRLOC equate to the value
obtained from above. Also set any flags and values as you desire
(see the section on ZCPR Customization below). When satisfied,
end the edit session.
2. Assemble ZCPR with MAC (or equivalent). This
assembler is required because of the MACROs used. Only the
resultant HEX file is required.
3. Assuming that you can use SYSGEN, obtain a SYSGEN
image of your current CP/M system and save it on disk.
4. Load the SYSGEN image into memory with DDT (or
equivalent). Once loaded, verify that the original CCP is at the
IMAGE address found above and compute the integration offset
using the DDT H command:
H<IMAGE adr>,<CPRLOC adr>
The second number displayed gives you the OFFSET value required
for step 5.
5. Integrate ZCPR into your SYSGEN image via DDT's I
and ROFFSET commands. Use IZCPR.HEX (or the name of your version
of ZCPR) to load the FCB and ROFFSET (where OFFSET was computed
in step 4) to load the ZCPR.HEX file into memory at the proper
location. Check to see that ZCPR is indeed properly loaded by
examining the SYSGEN IMAGE area.
6. Place the new system on disk by running SYSGEN and
NOT loading the system from disk (use the memory image).
For further clarification of the above process, the
following is a sample terminal session which outlines the steps
taken.
ZCPR Integration Example
B>; Sample terminal session for integrating ZCPR
B>sysgen
SYSGEN VER 2.2
SOURCE DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO SKIP)b
SOURCE ON B, THEN TYPE RETURN <-- I hit the RETURN key here
FUNCTION COMPLETE /
DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT) <-- and here
B>save 44 cpm56.com <-- We now have a SYSGEN image of CP/M
to work with
Page 5
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
B>xdir
XDIR Version 2.6 User Number: 0, Double Density
File Attributes: Non-System
Filename.Typ Size K Filename.Typ Size K Filename.Typ Size K
-------- --- ------ -------- --- ------ -------- --- ------
!TEXTWRK.-12 0 CPR .DOC 8 EE687 .TXT 4
CPR .AQM 34 TFS .HLP 6 EE687PRE.TXT 4
CPR .ASM 50 CONTENTS.T01 6 SW1 .TXT 10
CPR .BAK 4 CONTENTS.T02 4 SW2 .TXT 2
CPM56 .COM 12 CONTENTS.T03 4
B: 30 Entries & 22 Files -- 338K Bytes Remaining
File Data: 14 Files -- 154K Bytes Displayed
B>bdosloc <-- Now to locate the CCP's address
The Base Page Address of this system's BDOS is C5
The Base Page Address of this system's CCP is BD <-- This is it
B>ddt cpm56.com <-- Now to find the CCP in the SYSGEN image
DDT VERS 2.0
NEXT PC
2D00 0100
-d900,90f <-- Start looking around here
0900 31 80 E7 3E 06 3C 3C FE 1B CA 00 C2 DA 11 E7 D6 1..>.<<.........
-da00,a0f
0A00 31 00 01 01 01 0C C5 CD 0F E4 21 00 BE 11 00 04 1.........!.....
-db00,b0f
0B00 31 00 01 01 01 11 C5 CD 0F E4 21 00 C0 11 00 02 1.........!.....
-db80,b8f
0B80 31 00 01 01 09 01 CD A8 00 21 00 D2 11 00 C2 0E 1........!......
-- Detail Left Out --
-d1100 <-- I found it at 1100H; note the 2 JMP's
1100 C3 FF BD C3 FB BD 50 10 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ......P.
1110 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........
1120 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
-- Detail Left Out --
-^C <-- Return to CP/M; I know that CPRLOC will be
BD00H and the IMAGE offset is 1100H
B>ed cpr.asm \{edit ZCPR here and place CPRLOC=BD00H\}#
-- Detail Left Out --
B>mac cpr $pz sz <-- Now to assemble the CPR
CP/M MACRO ASSEM 2.0
C4F0 <-- Note that CPR MUST end before BDOS
begins!
014H USE FACTOR
END OF ASSEMBLY
Page 6
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
B>ddt cpm56.com <-- Now to integrate!
DDT VERS 2.0
NEXT PC
2D00 0100
-h1100,bd00 <-- Compute offset for new CPR
CE00 5400 <-- Offset is 5400H
-icpr.hex <-- Init FCB
-r5400 <-- Read in new CPR with offset
NEXT PC
2D00 0000
-^C <-- Done!
B>sysgen <-- Now to SYSGEN onto disk
SYSGEN VER 2.2
SOURCE DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO SKIP) <-- Use memory image
DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT)b <-- onto B:
DESTINATION ON B, THEN TYPE RETURN
FUNCTION COMPLETE
DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT) <-- Done for now
B>
Page 7
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Setting the ZCPR Inline Options
The following are the four basic options available to the
user under ZCPR for customization of his package.
Option Name Function
REL Configures CPRLOC (CPRLOC equ 0) for integration
via MOVCPM rather than the DDT/SYSGEN technique
outlined above; set to TRUE for MOVCPM integra-
tion or FALSE for DDT/SYSGEN integration
BASE Base address of your CP/M system; standard CP/M
has a base of 0, but some CP/M systems (such as
for the TRS-80 Model I and Heath/Zenith H89/Z89)
start physical RAM memory at a higher address;
equate BASE to the starting RAM memory address of
your system
CPRLOC This is the starting address of ZCPR; set the
second CPRLOC equate to the address you obtain
from BDOSLOC
RAS This is an equate which masks out selected ZCPR
command functions for security purposes on
Remote Access Systems such as Bulletin Boards;
the masked out functions currently include
SAVE, ERA, REN, JUMP, GO, and GET; set RAS to TRUE
to mask these out or FALSE to leave them in
SUBA This is an equate which determines the drive
onto which ZCPR will look for an executing
Indirect Command File. If the basic philosophy
of the Indirect Command File described above is
to be maintained, this symbol should be set to
TRUE (look on drive A: for the $$$.SUB file); if
not, this symbol should be set to FALSE (look on
the default drive from the $$$.SUB file). To
review, the basic philosophy of the Indirect
Command File is that any sequence of commands
which may be issued from the console (within
reason, which means NOT to erase a $$$.SUB file)
may also be issued from within an Indirect
Command File, and the resultant execution should
be identical (same functions performed).
CLEVEL3 This equate enables or disables extended Command
Level 3 Processing. If set to TRUE, extended
Command Level 3 Processing is enabled and the user
command line is automatically capitalized, the
terminating zero is placed at the end of the
buffer, and the internal CIBPTR is set correctly
(see later for more information).
Page 8
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Customization Symbols
The following symbols are provided for further customization
of ZCPR to a user's particular tastes and hardware facilities.
Option Name Function
NLINES Number of lines on the user's CRT for paging
WIDE This equate is used to select a narrow or wide
display under the DIR command; if WIDE is equated
to TRUE, each file name is separated by two
spaces, a FENCE, and two more spaces; if WIDE is
equated to FALSE, each file name is separated by
one space, a FENCE, and one more space
PGDFLT This is the Paging Default flag for the TYPE
command; if PGDFLT is set to TRUE, the TYPE
command will page its output by default and
the P option on the TYPE command (see below)
will prohibit paging; if PGDFLT is set to FALSE,
the TYPE command will NOT page its output by
default and the P option will enable paging
PGDFLG This sets the option character in the command
line for the TYPE command (the 'P' mentioned
above); if the user wishes to change this option
character, he need only change this equate
MAXUSR This is the largest user number recognized by
the USER command; if the user wishes to protect
the higher user areas, he may set this symbol
to the highest area normally accessable; 15 is
the largest permitted value for MAXUSR
SYSFLG This is the option character for the DIR command
line which is used to specify that DIR search
All Files (both $SYS and $DIR) for its display;
the distributed default for this is 'A'
SOFLG This is the option character for the DIR command
line which is used to specify that DIR search
ONLY the $SYS files for its display; the distri-
buted default for this is 'S'
SUPRES Set SUPRES to TRUE to suppress printing the user
number when the user is under User Number 0 or
set SUPRES to FALSE to ALWAYS display the User
Number with the CPR prompt; with SUPRES set to
TRUE, a user on B: in user 0 sees 'B>' as the
prompt, but with SUPRES set to FALSE, a user on
B: in user 0 sees 'B0>' as the prompt
Page 9
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
DEFUSR This is the CPR-default user number which is
searched in the command hierarchy for the COM
files (distributed as 0); the DFU changes this
temporarily until a Warm Boot or Cold Boot is
done, at which time the search reverts to this
value
SPRMPT This is the CPR prompt character which indicates
that a SUBMIT file is in execution; by default
it is set to '$', so prompts like 'A$' appear
during SUBMIT file execution
CPRMPT This is the CPR prompt character which indicates
that the CPR is awaiting a user console command;
by default it is set to '>', so prompts like
'A>' appear during user input to the CPR
NUMBASE This is the escape character used by those
commands which require a DECIMAL number as
an argument; placing this character after
the number argument switches the base to
HEXADECIMAL; for example, 'SAVE 15 MYFILE' can be
expressed as 'SAVE FH MYFILE' if NUMBASE is
set to 'H' (the default)
SECTFLG This character constant is the suffix option for
the SAVE command which specifies that sectors,
as opposed to pages, are to be saved; the default
value is 'S'
FENCE This is the character printed to separate entries
in a directory listing; it's default value is '|'
Patching SUBMIT.COM
SUBMIT.COM may be patched to run with ZCPR by the following
procedure (this is recommended if the user does not have
SUB.COM). This patch simply makes it always place the $$$.SUB
file on Drive A:. Illustrative terminal session follows:
A>ddt b:submit.com
DDT VERS 2.0
NEXT PC
0600 0100
-s5bb <-- Patch is at 5BB Hex
05BB 00 1 <-- Change 0 (default drive) to 1 (drive A:)
05BC 24 . <-- That's it!
-d5b0 5cf <-- See change
05B0 00 00 00 00 00 00 30 30 31 20 24 01 24 24 24 20 ......001 $.$$$
05C0 20 20 20 20 53 55 42 00 00 00 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A SUB.........
-^C <-- Done
A>save 5 newsubmt.com <-- Save new SUBMIT.COM file
Page 10
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Part B
Usage Instructions and Explanation of Commands
The following instructions are written with the assumption
that the reader is quite familiar with how to use CP/M 2.2 and
its CCP. ZCPR is written as a logical extension of the CP/M 2.2
CCP philosophy and should be addressed as such.
The ZCPR Command Hierarchy Search
The first, and most basic thing, to learn about ZCPR is the
order in which is searches for a COM file for execution or a file
specified by the GET command. Under the CP/M 2.2 CCP, if the
specified COM file command was not found on the current drive in
the current user area, the CCP aborted with an error message.
ZCPR, however, continues searching from this point a maximum of
two more levels. This command hierarchy search was outlined
above and is described here in further detail.
1. If the command is of the form 'COMMAND' and NOT
'd:COMMAND', the CPR-resident command list is searched for a
match. If the match is found, the CPR-resident command is
immediately processed. If the match is not found or the command
is of the form 'd:COMMAND', the next step is taken. Note that
the 'd:COMMAND' form is good for executing a command COM file
which has the same name as a CPR-resident command (such as SAVE
or DIR).
2. If the command is of the form 'd:COMMAND', disk
drive 'd:' is temporarily logged in for the purpose of the
command search. Otherwise, the currently logged-in drive is
used.
3. Now the file named COMMAND.COM is searched for. If
found, it is loaded into memory starting at 100H and executed.
If not, proceed to step 4.
4. Now that the first search for COMMAND.COM has
failed, the CPR checks to see if the user is under the current
Default User Number. The Default User Number may be that set by
the DEFUSR equate in the CPR or that set by the user via the DFU
command. DEFUSR is in effect if DFU has not been issued since
the last Warm or Cold Boot, and DFU is in effect if it was issued
since the last Warm or Cold Boot. If the user is NOT under the
current Default User Number, ZCPR temporarily logs him into it
and searches the directory. If COMMAND.COM is found, it is
loaded as described above and executed. If not, ZCPR proceeds to
the next step.
Page 11
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
5. The user is now in the Default User Number, and at
this point, ZCPR checks to see if the user is on disk drive A:.
If not, it temporarily logs into A: and searches the default user
number of A: for COMMAND.COM. If found, it is loaded as
described above and executed. If not, ZCPR prints the command
name as an error message and returns to command input mode,
aborting the SUBMIT file if COMMAND came from it.
In all cases of the search above, if COMMAND.COM is found,
after it is loaded into memory, ZCPR resets the user to his
original disk drive and user number. Hence, the files referenced
by the user by default are obtained from this environment.
To illustrate this command hierarchy search, consider the
following examples:
Example 1: DEFUSR equ 0 \{default user number is 0\}
B10> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 10
B10>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- User wishes to assemble TEST.ASM in
Drive B:, User 10
<-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/10 for ASM.COM, fails,
looks on B:/0, fails, and finally looks on A:/0; it
finds ASM.COM here and goes back to B:/10 for the file
Example 2: DEFUSR equ 0 and DFU issued
B10> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 10
B10>DFU 5 <-- User Selects User 5 as default
B10>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- As above
<-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/10 for ASM.COM, fails,
look on B:/5, fails, and finally looks on A:/5; it
fails here also and prints ASM? as an error message
Example 3: DEFUSR equ 0
B> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 0
B>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- As above
<-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/0 for ASM.COM, fails,
looks on A:/0, fails, and prints error message
Example 4: DEFUSR equ 0
A10> <-- User is on Drive A:, User Number 10
A10>ASM TEST.AAZ <-- As above, but file on A:
<-- At this point, ZCPR looks on A:/10 for ASM.COM, fails,
looks on A:/0, fails, and prints error message
Page 12
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Another Example:
For example, if the user is logged into Drive B: in
User Area 10, the Default User Number is 0, and the following COM
files are present as indicated --
WM.COM on Drive A: in User 0
MBASIC.COM on Drive A: in User 0 and on
Drive B: in User 0
TEST.COM on Drive B: in User 10 and Drive B:
in User 0
then the following happens when the following commands are
issued from the console (or Indirect Command File):
B10>WM TEST2.TXT
^ ^ ^-------- File to be edited
| +----------- Invoke the WM.COM file (Word Master editor)
+--------------- User is on Drive B: in User Area 10
Results:
ZCPR searches B: User 10, B: User 0, and A: User 0 for
WM.COM; it finds WM.COM in A: User 0, loads it, logs the user
back into B: User 10, and executes it.
B10>MBASIC
^ ^----- Invoke the MBASIC.COM file (MBASIC Interpreter)
+--------- User is on Drive B: in User Area 10
Results:
ZCPR searches B: User 10 and B: User 0 for MBASIC.COM;
it finds MBASIC.COM in B: User 0, so it doesn't bother to look on
A: User 0. MBASIC.COM is then loaded and executed as described
in the previous example.
B10>TEST
^ ^--- Invoke the TEST.COM file (TEST program)
+------- User is on Drive B: in User Area 10
Results:
ZCPR searches B: User 10 for TEST.COM; it finds
TEST.COM in B: User 0, so it doesn't bother to look further (if
it had, it would have found TEST.COM in B: User 0). TEST.COM is
then loaded and executed as described above.
B10>TEST2
| +--- Invoke the TEST2.COM file (TEST2 program)
+------- User is on Drive B: in User Area 10
Results:
ZCPR searches B: User 10, B: User 0, and A: User 0 for
TEST2.COM; it doesn't find it, so it issues the error message
'TEST2?', which says it couldn't find TEST2.COM.
Page 13
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
The ZCPR-Resident Commands
The following pages describe the ZCPR-Resident Commands.
These are commands located within ZCPR itself which are executed
from within ZCPR. The phrases <afn> and <ufn> refer to ambiguous
file name and unambigous file name as per the CP/M convention.
Command: DIR
Function: To Display a listing of the names of the files on disk
Forms:
DIR <afn> <-- Displays $DIR files
DIR <afn> S <-- Displays $SYS files
DIR <afn> A <-- Displays both $DIR and $SYS files
Customization Variables:
WIDE SYSFLG SOFLG FENCE
Examples:
DIR *.ASM <-- All $DIR .ASM files
DIR *.COM S <-- All $SYS .COM files
DIR *.COM A <-- All .COM files
Notes:
If a file is scanned for and no such name exists on disk,
the 'No Files' message will appear. However, if a file is
scanned for and the name exists as a $SYS file and $DIR files are
being scanned for, no file name is displayed but the 'No Files'
message does NOT appear. For example, if TEST.COM is a $SYS file
and 'DIR TEST.COM' is issued, no message appears. If 'DIR
TEXT.COM' is issued and TEXT.COM does not exist on disk, the 'No
Files' message is displayed.
Command: ERA
Function: To Erase the specified $R/W files from disk
Forms:
ERA <afn> <-- Erase both $DIR and $SYS files
Customization Variables:
WIDE FENCE
Examples:
ERA *.ASM <-- Erase all .ASM files
ERA *.* <-- Erase all files
Notes:
If a $R/O file is encountered, a BDOS error message will be
displayed and the procedure is stopped. The user is unsure at
this time as to which files have been erased and which have not
and should check. Sorry for this problem! The ERASE command (to
be given to SIG/M by RLC in the near future) is a solution to
this problem.
Page 14
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Command: LIST
Function: To Print the specified file on the CP/M LST: device
Forms:
LIST <ufn> <-- Print the file (no paging)
Customization Variables:
-None-
Examples:
LIST TEST.TXT <-- Print TEST.TXT on LST:
Notes:
If the file has a $SYS attribute, it will be found as well
as those with $DIR attributes.
Command: TYPE
Function: To Print the specified file on the CP/M CON: device
Forms:
TYPE <ufn> <-- Print the file with the paging deflt
TYPE <ufn> P <-- Print the file with the paging deflt
negated
Customization Variables:
NLINES PGDFLT PGDFLG
Examples:
TYPE TEST.TXT
TYPE TEST.TXT P
Notes:
When the display pauses during paging, type any char to
continue or ^C to abort. ^S also works.
Command: SAVE
Function: To Copy the TPA starting at 100H to disk
Forms:
SAVE <Number of Pages> <ufn> <-- <Number of Pages> in DEC
SAVE <Number of Pages>H <ufn> <-- <Number of Pages> in HEX
SAVE <Number of Sectors> <ufn> S <-- Number of sectors
SAVE <Number of Sectors>H <ufn> S <-- Number of sectors
Customization Variables:
NUMBASE RAS
Examples:
SAVE 15 MYFILE.TXT <-- 15 pages saved
SAVE FH MYFILE.TXT <-- 15 pages saved
SAVE 10H MYFILE.TXT S <-- 16 sectors (8 pages) saved
Notes:
If the file name to be saved already exists, then SAVE will
exit with the message 'Delete File?'; if the user REALLY wants to
save under this name, he may then type Y or y and the current
file will be deleted and then recreated containing the specified
part of the TPA.
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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Command: REN
Function: To Change the name of a disk file
Forms:
REN <ufn new>=<ufn old>
Customization Variables:
RAS
Examples:
REN NEWFILE.TXT=OLDFILE.TXT
Notes:
If <ufn new> already exists, the message 'Delete File?' will
be printed and the user may respond with Y or y to delete the
current <ufn new> and then rename <ufn old> to <ufn new>.
Command: USER
Function: To Change the current user number
Forms:
USER <User Number> <-- <User Number> in DEC
USER <User Number>H <-- <User Number> in HEX
Customization Variables:
-None-
Examples:
USER 15 USER FH USER 0
USER <-- Same as USER 0
Notes:
-None-
Command: DFU
Function: To Temporarily Change the default user number for the
command hierarchy search
Forms:
DFU <User Number> <-- <User Number> in DEC
DFU <User Number>H <-- <User Number> in HEX
Customization Variables:
-None-
Examples:
DFU 15 DFU FH DFU 0
DFU <-- Same as DFU 0
Notes:
See above for explanation.
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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Command: JUMP
Function: To "call" the subroutine at the specified page address
Forms:
JUMP <Address> <Cmd Parms> <-- <Address> in HEX
Customization Variables:
NUMBASE RAS
Examples:
JUMP E000 or JUMP E000H <-- Jump to E000H
JUMP <-- Jump to 000H
JUMP 0 <-- Jump to 000H
Notes:
JUMP performs a subroutine "call", so the called routine may
return to the ZCPR by either a RET or a Warm Boot.
Command: GO
Function: To "call" the subroutine starting at 100H
Forms:
GO <Cmd Parms> <-- Execute reentrant at 100H
Customization Variables:
RAS
Examples:
GO *.ASM <-- Assuming XDIR is loaded,
gives directory of *.ASM
Notes:
This command is identical in function to JUMP 100H; JUMP,
however, leaves the address as the first entry in CP/M BASE + 80H
(the input line buffer), while GO has no such address.
Command: GET
Function: To load a file from disk into memory starting at the
specified page
Forms:
GET <Address> <ufn> <-- <Address> in HEX
Customization Variables:
NUMBASE RAS
Examples:
GET 8000 TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80 starting at 8000H
GET 100 TEST.80 or GET 100H TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80
starting at 100H
GET 0 TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80 starting at 000H
Notes:
GET searches for the specified file according to the same
command hierarchy search employed by the ZCPR command scanner.
Hence, if the user is on B:/10 and the file is on A:/0 with the
current default user number at 0, GET will search from B:/10 to
B:/0 to A:/0 in looking for the file.
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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
ZCPR Error Messages
The following are the error messages issued by ZCPR and
their meanings.
Message Meaning
? Printed after a command or an argument means that such
was invalid
No File From DIR, this means that DIR did not locate any files
Also from ERA with the same meaning
All? Issued in response ERA *.*, asks the user is he really
wants to erase all the files. Unlike under the
original CP/M 2.2 CCP, single character input is
required (Y or y for yes and anything else for no)
with NO <CR> to end the line
Full From SAVE, means that there is not enough space on
disk
From GET or command load by CPR, means that there
is not enough space in memory
Delete File?
From REN or SAVE, means that the file specified already
exists on disk and the user may type Y or y to delete
it and proceed with the REN or SAVE function
Page 18
ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
Part C
ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them
ZCPR Version 1.0 and beyond supports three distinct command
levels in its implementation. Each level constitutes a different
way to issue a command for ZCPR to process.
Command Levels 1 and 2 are common to all implementations of
CP/M and CP/ZM from CP/M Version 1.4. Command Level 1 is that
command level in which the command is issued by the user from his
console terminal. The prompt 'd>' or 'du>' appears on the
terminal, and the user is allowed to enter the command with
editing from the terminal. Command Level 2 is that command level
in which the command is entered from an executing $$$.SUB file.
In both cases, the command is stored in the internal ZCPR
buffer called CIBUFF (Command Input BUFFer). Under both Command
Levels 1 and 2, the command is placed into this buffer, the
characters of the command line are capitalized, a character count
which indicates the number of characters in the command line is
stored in CBUFF (the byte before CIBUFF), an ending binary 0 is
placed after the last character in the command line, and the
internal pointer CIBPTR (Command Input Buffer PoinTeR) is set to
point to CIBUFF (the first character of the command line).
Command Level 3 is an extended concept to Command Levels 1
and 2 which is specifically supported by ZCPR Version 1.0 and
beyond. This command level allows a transient program to place a
command line into CIBUFF and the character count into CBUFF and
have this command line executed by ZCPR. Once control is trans-
ferred to ZCPR to execute the command line, the transient program
which placed the command line loses control and the command is
executed exactly as though it had been typed by the user at his
console terminal.
In order for a transient program to utilize the Command
Level 3 facility, this program MUST do the following:
1. Locate the ZCPR. Since the ZCPR is ALWAYS 2K bytes
in size and located directly under the BDOS, the transient can
locate the ZCPR by examining the BDOS entry page address at
location 7 and subtracting 8 from this number (8 pages = 2K
bytes). The resulting number is the base page address of ZCPR.
2. Store the command line in CIBUFF and the character
count in CBUFF. Knowing the base page address of ZCPR, the
following information is useful in doing this:
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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
ORG CPRLOC ;Base Address of ZCPR
JMP CPR ;Enter ZCPR and Execute Default Cmd
JMP CPR1 ;Enter ZCPR and Don't Execute
MBUFF: DB BUFLEN ;Size of CIBUFF in bytes
CBUFF: DS 1 ;Number of Bytes in Command Line
CIBUFF: DS BUFLEN ;Buffer for Command Line
DS 1 ;Buffer for Ending 0 (set by ZCPR)
CIBPTR: DS 2 ;Address of CIBUFF (set by ZCPR)
3. Obtain the User/Disk Flag. Location 4 contains
this number, but the user may select a flag of his choice. This
flag is one byte long, and the high-order nybble (4 bits)
contains the user number and the low-order nybble contains the
disk number to process the command from. The User/Disk Flag is
to be passed to ZCPR in the C Register.
4. When ready, transfer control to ZCPR to process the
command by JMPing to the base address of ZCPR. The first JMP in
the JMP Table given above is at this address. At this time, ZCPR
will log in the user and disk in the User/Disk Flag and process
the Command Level 3 Command Line.
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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP
The following is a sample program which illustrates the
steps outlined above:
;
; Demonstration of Command Level 3 Facility by RLC
;
udflag equ 4 ;Address of User/Disk Flag
bdos equ 5 ;Address of BDOS Entry Point
org 100h
lxi d,prmpt ;Print User Prompt
mvi c,9 ;PRINT function
call bdos
lhld bdos+1 ;Get address of BDOS
mov a,h ;High-Order Address in A
sui 8 ;A=High-Order Address of CPR
mov h,a ;HL=Address of CPR
mvi l,0
shld cpr ;Save address in buffer
lxi d,6 ;Point to command line buffer
dad d ;HL points to command line buffer
xchg ;DE points to command line buffer
mvi c,10 ;READLN into this buffer
call bdos
lhld cpr ;Get Address of CPR
lda udflag ;Get User/Disk Flag
mov c,a ; ... in C
pchl ;Run Command Line
cpr: ds 2 ;CPR Address buffer
prmpt: db 'User Command? $'
Enjoy using ZCPR!
-- RLC
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